Normal Progesterone Estrogen cycle.
Cycle | Estrogen | Progesterone | Related Events |
|---|---|---|---|
Day 1, Menstruation | Low | Low | If pregnancy does not take place, the uterine lining is shed (menstruation), and another monthly cycle starts. |
Day 3 | Low | Low | GnRH from hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary to send follicle stimulating hormone to the ovary, initiating follicle (egg sack) maturation and thickening of uterine lining. |
Day 10 | Surge to high | Low | Mature follicle releases estrogen to promote thickening of uterine lining and to stimulate the pituitary gland's secretion of luteinizing hormone that induces ovulation. |
Day 14, Ovulation | Medium | Starts to rise | If ovulation fails, Progesterone is not produced. |
Day 24 | Drops to low level | Drops to low level | If the egg is fertilized, progesterone from ovary continues to rise. Any drop in progesterone level results in menstruation or miscarriage. Later during pregnancy, the placenta produces up to 3000 to 4000 mg/day of progesterone . |
Day 1, menstruation | Low | Low | The drop in estrogen and progesterone level triggers menstruation as well as GnRH secretion in hypothalamus. |
After menopause | estradiol: 15% of premenopausal level | Low | Estrogen still produced in fat, muscle and skin cells by converting androstenedione produced in the ovary and adrenals. Low level of progesterone still produced by adrenals and brain. |
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